Your FAQs, Answered: Psoriasis in Children

From healthline.com

Psoriasis is a chronic condition that causes inflamed patches of skin to form. While there’s no cure, treatments can help improve symptoms.

Although psoriasis is more common in adults, it can also affect children. Approximately 1 per cent of children develop psoriasis.

Plaque psoriasis is a common form of psoriasis, but there are other types of psoriasis that are transitory and don’t increase the risk of psoriasis later in life.

Read on to learn more about psoriasis in children.

What causes psoriasis in a child?

Psoriasis develops when a child’s immune system becomes overactive and causes skin cells to multiply very quickly.

Experts don’t know exactly what causes that immune response. A combination of genetic and environmental factors is thought to play a role.

Children are more likely to develop psoriasis when they have:

• a parent or other relative with psoriasis
• a history of certain infections, including streptococcal infections (such as strep throat)
• a history of taking certain medications
• obesity

What is the usual age of onset for psoriasis?

Psoriasis can affect people at any age, but it’s more common in adults than children. The condition most often appears in people ages 20 to 30 and 50 to 60.

Roughly one-third of psoriasis cases begin in childhood. Psoriasis is more common in adolescents than in younger children.

What does psoriasis look like when it starts?

The appearance of psoriasis in children depends on the type of psoriasis they have. Psoriasis in children can be misdiagnosed as another common skin condition, such as a yeast infection, diaper rash, eczema, or cradle cap.

Psoriasis in babies

In babies, plaques of thick, raised skin may appear in the diaper area. It’s often confused with diaper rash and is sometimes called napkin psoriasis. It may also cause a red, weeping rash.

Babies who develop this type of psoriasis don’t appear to be more likely to develop other types of psoriasis when they get older.

Guttate psoriasis

Guttate psoriasis is more common in children than adults. Often, but not always, it appears when a child has an infection, usually strep throat.

This type of psoriasis causes many small, rough, teardrop-shaped spots on the torso, arms, and legs.

Treating the infection may also clear the psoriasis. Some kids will never have psoriasis again, but others will develop plaque psoriasis later in life.

Plaque psoriasis

Plaque psoriasis is the most common type of psoriasis in children. It causes thick, raised, scaly patches of skin known as plaques to form. Psoriasis plaques tend to be smaller and less scaly in children than in adults.

Depending on your child’s skin tone, these plaques may appear red, purple, or dark brown. They may be itchy or uncomfortable.

Psoriasis plaques may appear on any part of your child’s body, but they’re most common on the:

• scalp
• torso
• back
• elbows
• knees

Other types of psoriasis

Less common forms of psoriasis in children result in other skin symptoms. They include:

• pustular psoriasis, which causes pus-filled bumps
• inverse psoriasis, which causes smooth, discoloured patches in folds of skin
• nail psoriasis, which causes the child’s nails to become unusually thick, ridged, and pitted
• erythrodermic psoriasis, a rarer and very serious form of the condition that causes skin inflammation across most of the body

Some children with psoriasis develop psoriatic arthritis. This related condition causes joint pain, swelling, and stiffness.

Can you outgrow psoriasis?

Guttate psoriasis may clear when an underlying infection is treated and never come back. Napkin psoriasis in babies doesn’t seem to be likely to lead to other forms of psoriasis later in life.

Plaque psoriasis is a lifelong condition. Your child won’t outgrow it, but treatment can help limit their symptoms.

Your child’s symptoms may come and go over time. Symptoms may get worse during periods known as flares and better during periods known as remissions.

Certain triggers can cause a flare and make your child’s psoriasis symptoms worse. Common psoriasis triggers include:

• stress
• skin injuries
• infections
• medications

Your doctor may recommend lifestyle tips to manage psoriasis, such as:

• using a lotion or cream to keep your child’s skin moisturized
• bathing in lukewarm (not hot) water
• using mild soaps or cleansers

Depending on the type and severity of the psoriasis, your child’s doctor may recommend:

• Topical treatments. These include medicated creams and ointments.
• Phototherapy (light therapy). In this treatment, your child’s doctor will shine ultraviolet (UV) light on their skin or prescribe a UV light unit for use at home.
• Oral or injected medications. These are prescribed for more severe cases and include methotrexate and biologic drugs.

For more severe cases of psoriasis, joining a support group for children with psoriasis may help your child cope with the effects that psoriasis has on their life. If they develop symptoms of anxiety, depression, or body image concerns, their doctor may refer them to a mental health specialist for counselling.

The takeaway

Although psoriasis is more common in adults, it also affects about 1 percent of children.

Guttate psoriasis may clear as soon as the underlying infection is treated. Napkin psoriasis in babies doesn’t seem to lead to an increased risk of other forms of psoriasis later in life.

Children won’t outgrow plaque psoriasis. Getting treatment and avoiding triggers may help limit their symptoms and improve their quality of life.

Children may also benefit from joining a support group or visiting a mental health specialist if they’re experiencing body image concerns, anxiety, or depression.

https://www.healthline.com/health/psoriasis/psoriasis-in-children-faqs

The Link Between Psoriatic Arthritis and Breathing Problems

From verywellhealth.com

Psoriatic arthritis has been linked to several conditions that cause breathing problems. Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory condition that causes red scaly patches on the skin. When the condition affects the joints, it is known as psoriatic arthritis.

Having psoriatic arthritis can put you at higher risk of developing respiratory diseases, such as asthma, sarcoidosis, interstitial lung disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and lung cancer. 

Psoriatic arthritis causes systemic inflammation, which is believed to trigger these other diseases.

The risk of developing a lung condition with psoriatic arthritis can be up to 50% more than the general population. However, quitting smoking, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, and treating your psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis can help reduce this risk.

How Psoriatic Arthritis Affects the Lungs

Psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis are thought to lead to lung conditions due to inflammation. Inflammation is the body’s response to harmful substances. It is normally how we heal. However, in diseases like psoriasis, the inflammation becomes widespread, affecting healthy tissues.

In psoriatic arthritis, inflammation-causing substances are released into the blood system. These then affect tissues throughout the body.

Ongoing inflammation can produce changes in the structures of the respiratory system, leading to different lung conditions. Depending on how the airways and lungs are affected, various outcomes can occur. Breathing problems can develop when the tissues of the lungs and respiratory system are affected.

Lung Conditions Linked to Psoriatic Arthritis

Although research is ongoing, links between several conditions and psoriasis/psoriatic arthritis have been found.

Asthma

Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition that causes narrowing and obstruction in the airways due to inflammation or an outside trigger like allergies. The inflammation caused by psoriatic arthritis can occur in your airways, making it difficult to breathe.

There is an increased risk of developing asthma if you have psoriatic arthritis. The risk of developing asthma with psoriasis is higher in those over the age of 50.

Sarcoidosis

Sarcoidosis is an inflammatory disease that causes small clumps of cells to form in various parts of the body, most commonly in the lungs and skin.

A study of the Danish population found that people with psoriatic arthritis had a 50% higher risk of developing sarcoidosis due to the overlap of inflammation.

Interstitial Lung Disease

Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is the technical term for a complex set of lung conditions, including interstitial pneumonia and pulmonary fibrosis.

Though one study showed a slight increase in patients who had interstitial lung disease and psoriatic arthritis at the same time, there was not enough evidence to definitively conclude that psoriatic arthritis puts one at higher risk of developing ILD. 

However, the study’s authors suggested that there may well be a connection due to the common inflammation patterns in both diseases. Further research is needed.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

COPD is a set of diseases that obstruct airflow in the lungs. This includes emphysema and chronic bronchitis. Having psoriasis puts you at a higher risk of developing COPD.

This association is greater in those with severe psoriasis or psoriatic arthritis. Smoking with either of these conditions can make the risk even greater.

Lung Cancer

Many cancer risk factors, such as smoking and alcohol consumption, have been associated with psoriasis. This may explain the association between psoriatic arthritis and lung cancer.

However, one study found an increased risk of lung cancer in those who have psoriasis, although the overall cancer risk is not elevated.

Risk Factors

There are certain risk factors that can increase your likelihood of developing breathing problems with psoriatic arthritis. These include but are not limited to:

• Smoking
• Genetics: Increased with a family history of the disease
• Obesity
• Infection: Such as HIV
• Trauma or injury to a joint
• Emotional stress

Symptoms and Signs

Though each condition has its own specific symptoms, if you have any of the following signs of a respiratory disease, you should talk to your doctor. These include but are not limited to:

• A frequent cough that does not go away, or a cough that produces a lot of mucus
• A whistling or squeaky sound when you breathe
• Shortness of breath, especially with physical activity
• Tightness in your chest

When to Call a Doctor

You should speak to your doctor regularly about your psoriatic arthritis and the risk of lung conditions. Staying on top of your treatment and having regular visits with your doctor can help keep you healthy.

Having an elevated risk does not necessarily mean that you will develop one of the lung conditions associated with psoriatic arthritis. But maintaining awareness can help prevent future problems.

If you experience any of the signs or symptoms of a lung condition, you should make an appointment to see your doctor as soon as possible.

When to Seek Emergency Help

If you experience difficulty breathing that does not get better, you have trouble walking and talking due to shortness of breath, or your lips or fingernails turn blue, seek emergency services immediately.

Frequently Asked Questions

How does psoriatic arthritis affect your ribs?

Psoriatic arthritis can affect your thoracic spine, making it difficult to expand your chest and ribs. Since the disease also causes pain and inflammation in the tendons and ligaments of the body, you may experience pain along your ribs.

How is psoriatic arthritis treated?

Mild forms of psoriatic arthritis can be treated with over-the-counter pain and anti-inflammatory medications to reduce pain and swelling. Corticosteroids may also be injected into the affected joints.

For more severe forms of the disease, disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) may be prescribed to decrease signs and symptoms. In some cases, biologics may be prescribed to reduce inflammation and prevent further damage.

What other conditions are linked to psoriatic arthritis?

The following conditions are linked to psoriatic arthritis:

• Cardiovascular disease
• Metabolic syndrome
• Obesity
• High blood pressure
• High cholesterol
• Type 2 diabetes
• Anxiety and depression
• Inflammatory bowel disease
• Kidney disease
• Sleep apnoea
• Liver disease
• Uveitis
• Summary

  Psoriatic arthritis is linked to several conditions that affect breathing. The inflammation seen in psoriatic arthritis can damage the airways and lungs. Conditions such as asthma, sarcoidosis, interstitial lung disease, COPD, and lung cancer occur more often in people with psoriatic arthritis.

  A Word From Verywell

  Getting diagnosed with a chronic illness can be difficult. Though you might feel overwhelmed to learn that your condition puts you at higher risk of lung problems, there are ways to prevent further complications.

  Knowing all the possible conditions that are associated with psoriatic arthritis can empower you to take charge of your health and give you a sense of control over your well-being.

  Don’t be afraid to talk with your doctor about any new or concerning symptoms, even if they seem small or inconsequential. Avoid smoking, follow the treatment plan your doctor develops for you, and ask questions.

• https://www.verywellhealth.com/psoriatic-arthritis-and-breathing-problems-5188362

Ask the Expert: Building an Exercise Routine When Living with Psoriasis

From healthline.com

Andrea Wool is a certified personal trainer and nutritional therapy practitioner. After traditional gym training led her to experience alternating cycles of wellness and crushing fatigue, she designed a personal fitness program to support her own healing.

Andrea eventually received diagnoses of fibromyalgia and multiple autoimmune diseases. She started Autoimmune Strong to help people with autoimmune conditions like psoriasis create individualized fitness programs.

Andrea works one-on-one with people to find an exercise routine that offers the benefits of movement without exacerbating autoimmune flares.

She spoke with Healthline about how people with psoriasis can develop and stick with a fitness program and addressed the common fears many have.

This interview has been edited for brevity, length, and clarity.

Q&A with Andrea Wool

Photography courtesy of Andrea Wool

Why should someone with psoriasis think differently about exercise?

As people living with an autoimmune disease like psoriasis, our bodies don’t work the same as others. We’re under stress because our immune system is going slightly haywire.

A lot of fitness advice that we get is, “Push really hard — no pain, no gain.” For people with an autoimmune disease, this can make exercise a stressor. There’s a balance — a tightrope that we need to walk.

Exercise can actually decrease psoriasis. But if you exercise too hard, you can overdo it. Psoriasis is aggravated by stress. When there’s a flare-up and the skin gets raw and uncomfortable, that’s an indication that your immune activity is really heightened.

The bottom line is you have to find the “Goldilocks Principle.” You need that sweet spot of not too much, but not too little. Just right.

We have a level of tolerance that our bodies can handle. If you do too much exercise, you may get into an area of intolerance. That’s when people say, “I can’t exercise. Exercise isn’t for me.”

But exercise doesn’t have to look a certain way to be effective. There are multiple ways you can think about exercise.

Does low- vs. high-intensity exercise affect psoriasis differently? Is one recommended over the other?

If you have psoriasis, you absolutely can do high-intensity exercise, as long as your body can tolerate it. You have to listen to your body. If you’re dealing with psoriasis symptoms when you’re doing high-intensity exercise, then that high-intensity exercise is probably more than your body can tolerate.

There’s a difference between cardio and strength work. Strength work may be high-intensity, but cardio work relies on a cortisol output, which means your adrenaline rushes. That high adrenaline output can be very stressful and lead you very quickly into that intolerance level.

Strength work doesn’t flip that switch into intolerance as easily. You can also make strength work lower in intensity and build over time.

If someone is experiencing a flare-up of psoriasis, I recommend dialling down from high- to low-intensity exercise and also from cardio to strength training. Often, people need strength work to create a foundation of properly developed muscles. Then they can add cardio back in after the muscles are more capable of handling that strain.

How should someone reset from an exercise routine that’s causing psoriasis flares?

First, start to journal. This increases your awareness into how your exercise may be affecting your flare-ups.

The next part is to reduce exercise, then replace it. When you’re reducing, you’re scaling back exercise, so prioritize some rest.

During this time of recovery, I recommend working on tension release and strength work. You may have tight overactive muscles and tight underactive muscles, and they can pull together to create:

• imbalances in posture
• inflammation
• pain
• discomfort

If you reduce the tension on those tight overactive muscles, it may bring relief. Things that can be really helpful include:

• foam rolling
• massage therapy
• stretching

A lot of people stop there once they get the relief they need. But tight muscles often come back if you haven’t strengthened them. So, simultaneously, you have to release the overactive muscles and strengthen the underactive muscles.

Building strength and rebalancing posture are important parts of recovery. It really is about finding your Goldilocks spot. Take these steps just a little bit at a time, and as your body recovers, you can do more.

What are your tips for someone who’s scared to exercise for fear of triggering psoriasis?

It’s very normal and common for people to be scared of exercising. Our fear sensation feels like a red, flashing warning: It didn’t go well the last time, so it won’t go well this time.

The best way to deal with that sensation is to recognize that it’s happening and to start with exercise in tiny little bits. You’ll start showing your body that it’s not so scary after all.

The first exercise I teach is abdominal bracing. It’s a core exercise. You can literally do it anywhere. It trains the deep core muscles. Then you add some exercise on top of it. Eventually you get to a place where you can do a lot.

What are your tips for someone who over-exercises despite it causing psoriasis flares?

I would ask that person to look inward and ask where the drive is coming from. It’s usually one of two places.

First, many of us have been taught that exercise is weight management. If that’s the motivation, despite the fact that the psoriasis is being triggered, maybe that isn’t what’s healthy for you.

I encourage focusing on getting the psoriasis to feel better, then focusing on weight loss.

Second, some people love the adrenaline rush from exercise. I am an ex-marathon runner. I loved to see how far I could push myself and how fast I could run. I really had to come to terms with the fact that it wasn’t serving me.

No matter what the reasoning is, ultimately the recommendation I give is to see if you can scale back. I know that can be very scary, but it may be worth it to see what happens.

Is foam rolling safe for people with psoriasis?

Absolutely, but it can be a little tricky. You may have raw patches on your skin that are sensitive to touch. Foam rolling may require that you put pressure on those areas.

You can start by foam rolling the areas of the body that aren’t affected by psoriasis.

Another option is to lessen the amount of pressure that you put on areas with psoriasis. There are different ways you can use the foam rolling tools to put just a light amount of pressure on those spots in the beginning.

A third method is to use a compression sleeve or sock and put on a lot of moisturizer underneath it. This way, the skin gets a lot of moisture and the foam roller is not directly on the skin with psoriasis.

What’s your most important advice for people with psoriasis looking to build an exercise routine?

Consider exercising outside of the traditional confines of the “no pain, no gain” way of thinking. Instead, do little bits of exercise throughout the day that help your body come into balance. Think about exercise for restorative purposes.

Start small and know that this process takes time. As long as you keep going and you focus on those health benefits, that’s going to serve you best in the long run.

If you’re struggling with exercise, know that you don’t have to do it alone. There are millions of people out there who are dealing with these same issues. There’s a community out there who can relate and support you.

https://www.healthline.com/health/psoriasis/exercising-with-psoriasis-expert-advice

Scalp Psoriasis vs. Dandruff

From verywellhealth.com

Dandruff is a common condition involving skin flakes, pruritus (itchiness), and a mild redness of the scalp. Inflammation is not a symptom of dandruff.

Psoriasis, however, is a chronic (long-term) inflammatory disease. Psoriasis can also cause dry, dandruff-like flakes, but it is a much more severe condition.

It’s important to note that although dandruff is a disease and not a symptom, dandruff-like flakes are commonly seen in scalp psoriasis and some other types of scalp conditions. The difference is where the skin breakout occurs, as well as other symptoms—such as plaques and inflammation that occur in psoriasis but not in dandruff.

This article takes a closer look at scalp psoriasis vs. dandruff.

What Is Dandruff?

Dandruff is a very common scalp condition, affecting 50 million people in the United States and nearly half of adults worldwide.

Dandruff is restricted to the scalp area, with itching and flaking without inflammation.

What Is Psoriasis?

Psoriasis is a long-term autoimmune disorder that can affect the scalp and other areas of the body. An autoimmune disorder is one in which the body’s immune system attacks itself.

In psoriasis, the immune system attacks healthy skin cells, causing them to have a much quicker life cycle than normal. This leaves greyish-silvery hardened skin behind, called plaques. Psoriasis cannot be cured and involves periods of flare-ups and remissions. 

Studies have shown that approximately half of the cases of psoriasis involve the scalp.

Symptoms

Dandruff

A common sign of dandruff that is often recognized as an initial indication of the condition is noticeable white skin flakes on the hair or shoulders, along with an itchy scalp.

Symptoms of dandruff may include: 

• Mild redness of the affected area of the scalp
• Oily scalp
• Itchy skin on the head
• Whitish to yellowish flakes on the scalp
• Dry, flaky skin that worsens in a cold, dry climate
• Scaly, crusty scalp on an infant (called cradle cap)
• Skin infection from excessive scratching

Scalp Psoriasis

Scalp psoriasis may manifest with symptoms such as:

         Small red bumps that increase in size and form scales

• Lesions and dandruff-like flakes on the scalp
• Thick red or white plaques, covered in silvery-coloured scales
• Itching that often results in tearing the scales off by scratching
• Extensive hair loss (in severe scalp psoriasis)

Causes

Dandruff

The exact cause of dandruff is not well known, but many experts believe it’s caused by an excess of sebum (oil on the scalp) along with an overgrowth of a type of fungus called Malassezia yeast. 

Hormones may also play a role in the development of dandruff; this theory arises because of the prevalence of dandruff in certain life stages when hormone levels are known to be high, such as during infancy (when cradle cap is common) and adolescence, when dandruff often occurs. Factors that influence the development of dandruff flakes include:

• Cold, dry climate (which dries the scalp)
• The use of harsh hair and cosmetic products
• Shampooing the hair too often or not often enough
• A family history of dandruff (dandruff is known to run in families)

Scalp Psoriasis

Most people diagnosed with psoriasis have light skin, but psoriasis can occur in any race. Research studies show that 3.6% of Whites, nearly 2% of Blacks, and 1.6% of Hispanics have psoriasis.

Psoriasis tends to run in families, but some cases of psoriasis are not considered genetic. Having a grandparent, parent, brother, or sister with psoriasis increases the risk of getting it. While researchers are certain that psoriasis isn’t contagious, they are not sure exactly what the underlying cause is.

They do know some things about factors that play a role in its development, such as:

• The immune system’s white blood cells attack the body’s skin cells.
• The immune system attack causes the body to make new skin cells too frequently.
• The excess dead cells that are shed at the end of each cell's life cycle form the visible symptoms seen in psoriasis (such as plaques).

Treatment

Dandruff

The treatment of dandruff usually depends on the severity of the condition. For example:

• Mild dandruff can be treated at home by using a gentle shampoo without any harsh chemicals or ingredients that dry out the scalp.
• Moderate dandruff is usually treated with over-the-counter dandruff shampoos, such as those with selenium sulfide, tar, or zinc pyrithione. These shampoos help promote the removal of skin flakes and some are thought to have antifungal properties.
• Severe dandruff may require a type of prescription shampoo or topical medications such as ketoconazole antifungal shampoo. Ketoconazole is available over the counter in a solution that is not as strong as the prescription shampoo.   

Scalp Psoriasis

Scalp psoriasis is not as easy to treat as dandruff.

• Mild cases of scalp psoriasis may also be treated with over-the-counter medicated shampoos. Prescription shampoo with corticosteroids—such as Clobex—may be used to help reduce inflammation caused by scalp psoriasis. The corticosteroids will also help to reduce inflammation.
• When a person has severe psoriasis, the treatment will most likely involve systemic (involving the entire body) medications, such as oral (by mouth) medications like methotrexate. Methotrexate works to suppress the overactive immune system that causes symptoms of psoriasis in very severe cases.

Another aspect of psoriasis treatment involves eliminating triggers such as: 

• Tobacco
• Alcohol
• Stress
• Infections
• Extreme temperatures

When to See a Doctor

If your dandruff symptoms are mild, you may not need to see a doctor.

You should see a doctor when: 

• It’s been several weeks since you started using a dandruff shampoo and there is no improvement in symptoms.
• The skin on your scalp is very swollen and red or starts to drain pus or fluid.
• The symptoms have spread to other parts of your body (other than just the scalp, particularly if symptoms spread to areas that don’t have hair).
• Your symptoms are accompanied by hair loss.

You should consult with a dermatologist any time you are living with psoriasis symptoms. 

Consult with your healthcare provider if:

• Symptoms are worsening or your disease begins to flare up
• Treatments are not effective (either home treatment or prescription medication)

Prognosis

Dandruff

Although dandruff is not curable, the outlook/prognosis is good. Dandruff symptoms are usually controllable using medicated shampoo.

Scalp Psoriasis

The outcome of psoriasis treatment depends on several different factors. Like dandruff, psoriasis is not curable. Unlike that condition, however, psoriasis is often difficult to manage and flare-ups are known to occur throughout one’s lifetime.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can dandruff turn into psoriasis?

No, dandruff can't turn into psoriasis. They are two different things.

What does scalp psoriasis feel like?

Symptoms often experienced in those with scalp psoriasis include:

• Itching
• Burning
• Discomfort

Is it OK to scratch your head if you have scalp psoriasis?

Do not scratch your head if you have scalp psoriasis. Doing so could irritate your condition further and lead to complications down the line.

https://www.verywellhealth.com/scalp-psoriasis-vs-dandruff-5186832

Anti-inflammatory supplements can help psoriasis

From dailyherald.com

By Dr. Eve Glazier and Dr. Elizabeth Ko

Hello, dear readers, and welcome back to the monthly letters column. We continue to get questions about the coronavirus vaccine and virus variants, and we'll address them in a separate column soon. This time, though, we'll focus on non-virus questions and concerns.

• In response to a column about psoriasis, a reader asked about natural remedies. "I have severe psoriasis but am terrified to take a biologic," she wrote. "Is there a safe anti-inflammatory herbal product that could help?" Biologic drugs use biotechnology to act on a wide range of cellular processes. They can be quite effective, but some people aren't comfortable using them. Since psoriasis is a skin disorder rooted in inflammation, anti-inflammatory supplements may be useful in some cases. Turmeric, a flowering plant used as a cooking spice, contains a powerful anti-inflammatory called curcumin. It, along with ginger and omega-3 fatty acids, have the best data as natural approaches to psoriasis management. Aloe extract cream and barberry, also known as Oregon grape, both have anti-inflammatory properties and may be helpful. Before you add supplements to your treatment regimen, check with your health care provider. They can help you decide which ones to try, and how to use them.

https://www.dailyherald.com/entlife/20210619/anti-inflammatory-supplements-can-help-psoriasis

What to know about psoriasis and intimacy

From medicalnewstoday.com

Psoriasis is a chronic skin condition that can cause red, scaly patches to form on the skin. As a result, this may affect how a person feels about their body and impact intimacy

Psoriasis can impact intimacy in many ways, including anxiety about the body, discomfort during sex, reducing romantic desire, and sexual dysfunction.

People may experience low self-esteem, stigmatization, and discrimination, which can prevent them from pursuing relationships and dating. They also may not feel comfortable discussing sexuality and relationships with their doctor.

The act of sex may also be difficult, as friction can irritate the skin or make symptoms worse. This may be especially true if psoriasis symptoms affect the genitals or skin around them, which may be the case in up to 63% of people with psoriasis.

However, psoriasis does not need to interfere with intimacy. In this article, we will discuss strategies that people with psoriasis can try to improve their intimate relationships.

Communicating about psoriasis and intimacy

Cavan Images/Getty Images

Communication plays a vital role in any intimate relationship and is critical for a healthy sexual relationship. It may help ease the minds of both the person with psoriasis and any sexual partners.

While it may be difficult to discuss, people in an intimate relationship should be able to discuss thoughts and feelings without fear. This open dialogue can help all parties to mentally prepare, discuss any concerns or questions, and make intimacy easier.

Some things to communicate may include:

• reminding them that psoriasis is not contagious
• assuring them psoriasis is not a sexually transmitted infection (STI)
• asking any questions they may have about the condition or how it may manifest during sex
• communicating areas to avoid or ways to bring pleasure without harming the skin
• communicating other needs, such as reassurance or other language to build confidence
• expressing how the condition affects the emotions, such as feelings of embarrassment or low self-esteem, and discussing ways to be sympathetic to these emotions

Setting the mood

As with any sexual encounter, setting the mood for an intimate time may help increase arousal and make both partners more comfortable when it comes to psoriasis.

For example, if people are self-conscious about their skin, they may consider dimming the lights or using candlelight to create a romantic atmosphere that can also help them feel more comfortable.

To further set the mood, people can also use calming, pleasant scents, such as incense, scented candles, or essential oils. They can also try playing calming or romantic music.

If people are not comfortable revealing their body, they could try wearing certain undergarments to increase their confidence.

However, it is important that they avoid synthetic materials and opt for a material such as cotton to reduce the risk of irritating the skin and causing a flare. Similarly, people should also keep this in mind for bedsheets and towels.

Using lubrication

Lubrication may be especially important for people with psoriasis on their genitals or surrounding areas. Finding the correct lubricant may vary and it is important to find one that does not irritate the skin.

For example, some people may prefer a cooling lubricant over warming variants. Others may wish to avoid lubricants with added fragrances or other chemical ingredients.

It is important for people to test lubricants on their skin before applying to their genitals. Typically, people can use the skin on their lips, as it is likely to react similarly to the genitals.

If choosing a natural lubricant such as coconut oil, people can also perform a sensual massage, which may soothe the skin and also help set the mood.

Before applying lubricant, a person may want to gently cleanse the affected area. This can help prevent psoriasis medication rubbing onto the partner. If the skin in this area is raw, it is advisable to postpone sex.

If a partner has a penis, they may consider using a condom with lubricant to help further reduce friction and prevent irritation for all parties.

Taking care of skin

Aftercare is important to help manage psoriasis.

After an intimate moment, it is important for people to take the time to gently cleanse their genitals and remove any lubricants or bodily fluids.

People can then reapply any treatments to their genital area. This can help to avoid flare ups from the friction of sexual activity. Moisturizers may also help keep the skin from drying out after sex.

Trying not to stress

Finding ways to reduce stress leading up to and during sex is very important. Stress is not only a common trigger for flares that can make symptoms of psoriasis worse — it can also lead to performance anxiety. 

Taking the necessary steps to be as open and communicative as possible can help make sex enjoyable. People should also try not to put too much pressure on themselves, and instead focus on enjoying the act. Taking these steps may help put the mind at ease to reduce stress.

Adding sensory details such as music and enjoyable scents may also help keep the person from overthinking or feeling stress, and to help them enjoy the moment.

Supporting a partner

If a partner with psoriasis is living with self-esteem or insecurity issues due to stigmas around the condition or how it manifests on the skin, acknowledge these feelings.

Research suggests that psoriasis carries around the same level of stigma as herpes, which may be due in part to misconceptions about the condition. The stigma around the condition may take its toll mentally and emotionally, so being sympathetic to these feelings is crucial.

Partners should avoid using the condition as a reason to tease or insult the person with psoriasis. Insulting their skin or condition may break trust between partners and make future intimacy difficult.

It is also important for any partners to openly communicate as well. If unsure of where or how it is acceptable to touch a certain area during sex, they should ask. This may also help put the partner’s mind at ease if they feel the other person is caring for their needs and make intimacy easier.

Patience is important during intimacy with someone with psoriasis. Some people may require more time to feel comfortable being intimate, and that is fine. Intimacy is more than having sex — it is also about enjoying the company of others.

When in the bedroom, this may involve changing positions for comfort, adjusting speed and force during sex, and even getting creative in ways to avoid irritation and flares.

When to get help for psoriasis and intimacy

If the symptoms of psoriasis become hard to control and make sex difficult, it is advisable to see a doctor. They may be able to suggest lifestyle changes or recommend different medications to help manage the condition.

However, if people feel that being intimate is a big challenge and begin to avoid intimacy, it may be helpful for them to see a therapist. They may be able to address any concerns and help a person work through any underlying issues keeping them from being intimate.

Summary

Psoriasis can be stigmatizing and cause a number of issues that can affect intimacy. Finding ways to address and improve both the physical and emotional aspects of intimacy may help make sexual activity more enjoyable.

People can try strategies that involve open communication, caring for the skin throughout all stages of intimacy, setting the mood, and using lubrication.

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/psoriasis-and-intimacy

Psoriasis: Signs and symptoms

From aad.org

What are the signs and symptoms of psoriasis?

Dry, thick, and raised patches on the skin are the most common sign of psoriasis. These patches are often covered with a silvery-white coating called scale, and they tend to itch.

While patches of thickened, dry skin are common, psoriasis can cause many signs and symptoms. What you see and feel tends to vary with the: 

• Type of psoriasis you have

• Places psoriasis appears on your body

• Amount of psoriasis you have

Types of psoriasis

The following pictures show what each type psoriasis can look like on the skin. You’ll also see how psoriasis can affect your nails and joints.

Plaque (plack) psoriasis

Plaque psoriasis

About 80% to 90% of people who have psoriasis develop this type. When plaque psoriasis appears, you may see:

• Patches of thick, raised skin called plaques

• Scale (a dry, thin, and silvery-white coating) covers some plaques

• Plaques of different sizes

• Smaller plaques joining together to form larger plaques

Plaques usually form on the scalp, elbows, knees, or lower back, but they can develop anywhere on the skin. It’s common for plaques to itch, but try not to scratch. Scratching can cause the patches to thicken. To stop the itch, dermatologists recommend treating the psoriasis.

Guttate (gut-tate) psoriasis

Guttate psoriasis

When someone gets this type of psoriasis, you often see tiny bumps appear on the skin quite suddenly. The bumps tend to cover much of the torso, legs, and arms. Sometimes, the bumps also develop on the face, scalp, and ears. No matter where they appear, the bumps tend to be:

• Small and scaly

• Salmon-coloured to pink

• Temporary, clearing in a few weeks or months without treatment

When guttate psoriasis clears, it may never return. Why this happens is still a bit of a mystery. Guttate psoriasis tends to develop in children and young adults who’ve had an infection, such as strep throat. It’s possible that when the infection clears so does guttate psoriasis.

It’s also possible to have: 

• Guttate psoriasis for life

• See the guttate psoriasis clear and plaque psoriasis develop later in life

• Plaque psoriasis when you develop guttate psoriasis

There’s no way to predict what will happen after the first flare-up of guttate psoriasis clears.

Inverse psoriasis

Inverse psoriasis

This type of psoriasis develops in areas where skin touches skin, such as the armpits, genitals, and crease of the buttocks. Where the inverse psoriasis appears, you’re likely to notice:

• Smooth, red patches of skin that look raw

• Little, if any, silvery-white coating

• Sore or painful skin

Other names for this type of psoriasis are intertriginous psoriasis or flexural psoriasis.

Pustular psoriasis

Pustular psoriasis

This type of psoriasis causes pus-filled bumps that usually appear only on the feet and hands. While the pus-filled bumps may look like an infection, the skin is not infected. The bumps don’t contain bacteria or anything else that could cause an infection. Where pustular psoriasis appears, you tend to notice:

• Red, swollen skin that is dotted with pus-filled bumps

• Extremely sore or painful skin

• Brown dots (and sometimes scale) appear as the pus-filled bumps dry

Pustular psoriasis can make just about any activity that requires your hands or feet, such as typing or walking, unbearably painful. 

Pustular psoriasis (generalized)

Pustular psoriasis (generalized)

Serious and life-threatening, this rare type of psoriasis causes pus-filled bumps to develop on much of the skin. Also called von Zumbusch psoriasis, a flare-up causes this sequence of events:

1. Skin on most of the body suddenly turns dry, red, and tender.

2. Within hours, pus-filled bumps cover most of the skin.

3. Often within a day, the pus-filled bumps break open and pools of pus leak onto the skin.

4. As the pus dries (usually within 24 to 48 hours), the skin dries out and peels (as shown in this picture).

5. When the dried skin peels off, you see a smooth, glazed surface.

6. In a few days or weeks, you may see a new crop of pus-filled bumps covering most of the skin, as the cycle repeats itself.

Anyone with pustular psoriasis also feels very sick, and may develop a fever, headache, muscle weakness, and other symptoms. Medical care is often necessary to save the person’s life.

Erythrodermic psoriasis

Erythrodermic psoriasis

Serious and life-threatening, this type of psoriasis requires immediate medical care. When someone develops erythrodermic psoriasis, you may notice:

• Skin on most of the body looks burnt

• Chills, fever, and the person looks extremely ill

• Muscle weakness, a rapid pulse, and severe itch

Most people who develop erythrodermic psoriasis already have another type of psoriasis. Before developing erythrodermic psoriasis, they often notice that their psoriasis is worsening or not improving with treatment. If you notice either of these happening, see a board-certified dermatologist. People who develop erythrodermic psoriasis should seek immediate medical attention. Among other dangers, the person may be unable to keep warm, so hypothermia can set in quickly.

Nail psoriasis

Nail psoriasis

While many people think of psoriasis as a skin disease, you can see signs of it elsewhere on the body. Many people who have psoriasis see signs of the disease on their nails. With any type of psoriasis, you may see changes to your fingernails or toenails. About half of the people who have plaque psoriasis see signs of psoriasis on their fingernails at some point.

When psoriasis affects the nails, you may notice: 

• Tiny dents in your nails (called “nail pits”)

• White, yellow, or brown discoloration under one or more nails

• Crumbling, rough nails

• A nail lifting up so that it’s no longer attached

• Build-up of skin cells beneath one or more nails, which lifts up the nail

Treatment and proper nail care can help you control nail psoriasis.

Psoriatic arthritis

Psoriatic arthritis

When psoriasis affects the joints, it causes a disease known as psoriatic arthritis. If you have psoriasis, it’s important to pay attention to your joints. Some people who have psoriasis develop a type of arthritis called psoriatic arthritis. This is more likely to occur if you have severe psoriasis. Most people notice psoriasis on their skin years before they develop psoriatic arthritis. It’s also possible to get psoriatic arthritis before psoriasis, but this is less common.

When psoriatic arthritis develops, the signs can be subtle. At first, you may notice: 

• A swollen and tender joint, especially in a finger or toe

• Heel pain

• Swelling on the back of your leg, just above your heel

• Stiffness in the morning that fades during the day

Like psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis cannot be cured. Treatment can prevent psoriatic arthritis from worsening, which is important. Allowed to progress, psoriatic arthritis can become disabling. 

https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/psoriasis/what/symptoms

Psoriasis: How to Deal with Cracked, Bleeding Skin

From everydayhealth.com

Take these steps to heal your skin and avoid future fissures

Psoriasis is a chronic skin condition that causes patches of red, dry, itchy skin, called plaques. When these plaques are not well treated, they can get itchy and flaky and then sometimes crack and bleed, according to research published in September 2017 in the Journal of Patient-Reported Outcomes. People with psoriasis tend to notice bleeding if they scratch plaques too much, rub cracked skin against their clothes, or put pressure on their skin while sitting or bending their limbs, the study showed.

The more parched your skin, the more likely it is to develop cracks, or fissures, and open sores on the skin. “The dryness is what causes the plaques to crack and subsequently bleed,” says Saakshi Khattri, MD, an assistant professor of dermatology at Mount Sinai Hospital in New York City. Psoriasis on the scalp is often particularly dry, leading to cracking and bleeding, suggests a study review published in 2018 in the journal Reumatologia.

Unfortunately, cracks in your skin are uncomfortable and could increase your risk of infection. Here’s how to prevent and manage skin cracking and bleeding.

First-Aid Care for Cracked Skin

If you develop cracks or fissures in your skin, it’s important to take steps to treat the wound and reduce your risk of infection. Follow these tips.

Wash your hands. Use warm, soapy water to wash your hands before touching your skin.

Stop the bleeding. Apply gentle pressure to the fissure with a clean bandage or cloth until the bleeding stops.

Clean the cut. Rinse the wound under running tap water and clean the surrounding area with soap. Gently remove any dirt, lint, or other debris from the wound.

Apply a protective ointment. The best over-the-counter first aid is petroleum jelly, says Dr. Khattri, “but eventually the goal should be to treat underlying psoriasis.” Petroleum jelly can strengthen your skin and bolster your skin’s immune response, suggests research published in April 2016 in The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 

Watch for infection Generally, psoriasis plaques don’t get infected, but if they’re cracked or open, they could, says Khattri. Watch for pus or yellow discharge, tenderness to the touch, worsening redness on or around the lesion, or any systemic problems such as fevers or muscle pain, as these can be signs of infection, she adds. Talk to your doctor if you notice any of these or if the wound isn’t healing.

How to Prevent Skin Cracks and Bleeding

Following your psoriasis management and treatment plan can help reduce your risk of developing fissures, as can practicing self-care habits to protect your skin.

Keep your skin moisturized. Dry skin is more likely to crack and bleed. Avoid long showers or baths, which can dry out skin, and apply cream or ointment after you shower, take a bath, or wash your hands to help lock in moisture.

Remove scales. Over-the-counter lotions and creams with salicylic acid can help decrease the buildup of scales, says Khattri. Plain old moisturizer has its place, too. “A good moisturizer that helps with dryness and skin healing can be a helpful [addition],” she adds.

Be gentle on your skin. If you use an abrasive product, such as a pumice stone, to remove scaly skin, you could be doing more harm than good. “There is a possibility that such aggressive measures could result in bleeding,” notes Khattri.

Avoid your triggers. Knowing your psoriasis triggers and taking steps to avoid them can help prevent plaques from developing in the first place. Common triggers include stress, smoking, cold weather, and injuries to the skin.

Talk to Your Doctor About Your Psoriasis Treatment Plan 

Look at your psoriasis symptoms as part of the bigger picture, says Khattri. If your skin is frequently cracking and bleeding, it may be a sign that your condition isn’t well controlled and you need to discuss options with your doctor to better manage it. See a dermatologist if your skin continues to bleed and crack, is breaking over a large area of your body, or impairs your quality of life, advises Khattri.

There are many treatment options for psoriasis, including medicated topical treatments that are mostly available by prescription, as well as 1 percent hydrocortisone, which is available over the counter, says Khattri.

Your doctor may recommend a variety of treatments of differing potencies, depending on the severity of your psoriasis, your preferences, your age, and the location of your plaques, according to a study review published in February 2021 in the Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. For example, people with chronically dry, thick plaques might need the strongest class of steroids, the researchers say.

While topical treatments come in many forms, many patients prefer foams, solutions, and lotions, as they are less messy than other formulations, suggests research published in October 2019 in the Journal of Dermatological Treatment. 

If topical treatments aren’t enough to manage your psoriasis, you doctor may recommend systemic therapies, such as biologics. Unlike topicals, which are applied directly to the skin, systemic medications are taken orally or injected and alter the immune system to help control the underlying inflammation that causes psoriasis. Work with your doctor to find a treatment plan that will help keep your psoriasis symptoms under control.

https://www.everydayhealth.com/psoriasis/managing-skin-cracks-bleeding/

What to do and what to avoid to safely remove psoriasis scales

From medicalnewstoday.com

Psoriasis scales are a characteristic sign of psoriasis. They typically appear as patches of rough, red skin and silvery-white scales that may itch, cause discomfort, and flake away. There are a few methods people can try to manage their skin and remove psoriasis scales

A person who wants to safely remove psoriasis scales may need to try different methods to see what works best for them without damaging the skin or causing further irritation. While over-the-counter medications and home remedies can help reduce psoriasis scales, in severe cases people should see a doctor who can prescribe stronger treatments. People should also avoid personal triggers that could exacerbate any symptoms.

In this article, learn more about why psoriasis scales form, how to safely remove them, and what to avoid.

Psoriasis definition

Egor Kulinich/Getty Images

Psoriasis is an autoimmune condition that causes skin cells to multiply very quickly. This overgrowth can result in thick, scaly plaques that itch and cause discomfort.

There are many different types of psoriasis, with each type differing in appearance and the areas they affect. Research suggests that more than 8 million people in the United States have psoriasis and roughly 80-90% have plaque psoriasis, which is the type that presents with psoriasis scales.

Why do psoriasis patches form and skin flakes off?

Psoriasis patches form as a result of an overactive immune system response. The raised plaques on the skin are actually a build-up of skin cells.

Normally, it takes roughly a month for new skin cells to grow and old ones to flake off. In a person with psoriasis, this process happens much faster. The National Psoriasis Foundation notes that the skin cells of a person with psoriasis may shed in just 3-4 days, which is many times faster than usual.

The skin cannot shed away these extra cells fast enough, and they build up on top of each other. The build-up of these skin cells results in the characteristic plaques of psoriasis. As the skin cells build up, the old skin cells stay on top of the skin and begin to shed away in larger flakes, called scales.

How to safely remove psoriasis patches

Removing the silvery scales from plaques may improve the look and feel of the plaques and may reduce some symptoms or make them more tolerable. Removing dead skin may also make medications more effective, as they can absorb into active skin cells rather than old or dead skin cells. Some options may include:

Exfoliators

Some chemical exfoliators may be very helpful for psoriasis scales. OTC chemical exfoliators may be helpful in removing scale in mild to moderate cases. Doctors may prescribe stronger versions of these topical medications in some cases.

Common chemical exfoliators such as salicylic acid are widely available and may be effective for many people.

Salicylic acid is a keratolytic, meaning it helps break away the outermost layers of skin. A 2017 article notes that salicylic acid can help reduce the pH of the skin, which in turn increases the amount of moisture in the skin and softens the cells.

However, salicylic acid may cause side effects such as stinging, burning, or irritation. Other exfoliators may be similar to salicylic acid, but gentler on the skin. This includes alpha-hydroxy acids (AHAs) such as glycolic acid or lactic acid.

Moisturizers

Regular moisturizers are important for healthy skin. This may be more apparent in people with psoriasis. Applying moisturizers regularly may help reduce the visibility of scales on psoriasis patches. It may also help reduce some symptoms, such as itching caused by very dry skin.

Dermatologists may recommend using heavier creams to help lock in moisture and provide an additional barrier to the skin.

Coal tar

Coal tar is an anti-inflammatory that may help reduce redness and itching. A 2017 article notes that most chronic plaques treated with coal tar improve after 1 month of treatment and remain in remission longer than with other topical treatments.

Some OTC coal tar products such as soaps or creams contain less coal tar than prescription-strength treatments, and may be more suited for daily upkeep. However, coal tar products may cause side effects such as:

• odour
• irritation
• staining of skin
• stinging

OTC corticosteroids

A dermatologist may suggest using topical corticosteroids at varying strengths for treating all grades of psoriasis. OTC steroid creams are milder versions of prescription steroids and may help control mild symptoms of psoriasis.

Corticosteroids reduce inflammation in the plaques, slow down the growth of skin cells, and slightly suppress the immune system response behind these issues.

However, corticosteroids may cause side effects such as:

• thinning the skin
• changing skin colour
• easier bruising
• broken blood vessels

Baths

Soaking in the bath may help soften and slough away dead skin cells from psoriasis plaques.

The temperature of the bath should be lukewarm to warm. Avoid using hot water, as this may irritate the skin even more. Adding ingredients such as oils, Epsom salt, Dead Sea salts, or oatmeal to a bath may help remove psoriasis scales and soothe itching.

People should try to avoid harsh soaps or fragrances, which may irritate the skin. Soaking in a tub for about 15 minutes before using other methods may help soften and prepare the skin.

Medicated shampoo

Medicated shampoos containing salicylic acid, coal tar, or other acids may help control plaques on the scalp and surrounding skin. While other topical formulas may also work, these shampoos contain a special formulation to get the medicine through the hair and into the scalp.

Things to avoid

In addition to the approaches above, a person may want to do the following:

Avoid triggers

While caring for mild psoriasis with OTC ingredients can help remove scales, it is also important to care for psoriasis in other ways, such as by avoiding personal triggers. Psoriasis triggers may make symptoms worse and make efforts to control or remove scales harder.

While each person’s triggers may vary, the National Psoriasis Foundation lists some common triggers to try to avoid, such as:

• stress
• injuries to the skin
• sunburns
• illnesses, including anything affecting the immune system
• allergies
• any possible food triggers
• alcohol
• environmental factors such as extreme heat or cold, dry weather

Avoid picking

Avoid picking at scales as a way to remove them. It is easy to pull too much of a scale off, leading to broken skin underneath. This could cause further irritation or bleeding that makes symptoms worse. Picking may also put the skin at an increased risk for infection.

If picking is a nervous habit, try finding something else to keep the hands occupied, such as holding a trinket or clicking a pen.

When to see a doctor

OTC ingredients and medications to remove psoriasis scales may help with cases of mild psoriasis. If these home remedies do not help control symptoms, a person should consult with a doctor.

Doctors can prescribe stronger medications that may be more effective in controlling plaques or eliminating scales in cases of moderate or severe psoriasis

Summary

Psoriasis may cause scales to form on the skin that can be uncomfortable and itchy. This is because psoriasis causes skin cells to multiply quickly. People can use various methods at home such as chemical exfoliators, moisturizers, and baths to help remove psoriasis scales and reduce symptoms.

It is also important to take other steps to help control psoriasis symptoms, such as avoiding personal triggers. Anyone having difficulty controlling their psoriasis symptoms or removing scales safely should see their doctor.

Last medically reviewed on June 7, 2021

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/psoriasis-scales-removal

OTC medicine for psoriasis: What to know

From medicalnewstoday.com

People with mild psoriasis may benefit from over-the-counter (OTC) medicine, which they can get without a prescription. Some OTC medicines contain active ingredients, such as hydrocortisone or coal tar. OTC moisturizers may also benefit those with mild or severe psoriasis

Psoriasis is a chronic immune disorder that causes skin rashes, which can vary in colour from red or violet to dark brown or grey. These rashes may be itchy or painful and may feature silvery scales.

This article explores OTC medicines and other products for treating and easing psoriasis symptoms. It also looks at the various types of psoriasis, including its causes, diagnosis, and treatments.

OTC medications

Luis Alvarez/Getty Images

A doctor or dermatologist will decide how to treat psoriasis according to the severity and location of the affected area. Treatments for mild psoriasis may include OTC and non-prescription medicine — people may benefit from the sole or combined use of these various options.

Ingredients in OTC products

Some OTC medications may include active ingredients such as coal tar and mild corticosteroids. We explore more details about these products and their main ingredients below.

Coal tar

Manufacturers include coal tar in OTC and prescription products for psoriasis, including creams, shampoos, ointments, and bath solutions. Doctors and dermatologists have recommended it as a beneficial treatment for psoriasis for years, which can help:

• reduce swelling, scaling, and redness
• reduce itching and flaking
• slow overproduction of skin cells

Mild corticosteroids

Corticosteroids may help reduce inflammation and itching. A person can buy solutions, ointments, and creams containing mild corticosteroids, such as hydrocortisone, without a prescription. Hydrocortisone is effective in treating a few small patches of psoriasis, although individuals with more severe symptoms will probably need a prescription corticosteroid.

Moisturizers

These products may help with skin healing and relieve skin dryness. Some moisturizers may partially seal water onto the skin, helping people with mild or severe psoriasis. Dermatologists recommend applying moisturizer once a day, or more often in cases of very dry skin. People should choose a heavy, fragrance-free ointment or cream instead of lotion.

Scale softeners

These products may help soften and remove scales, and they may be available OTC and with a prescription. They often contain salicylic acid to reduce swelling. Other scale-softening ingredients may include urea and lactic acid.

Anti-itch

Products with anti-itching ingredients, such as menthol, camphor, and calamine, can reduce itching.

Other treatments

There are alternative treatments for psoriasis, including the below.

Biologics

These medicines can target the overactive part of the immune system. Doctors administer them intravenously or as injections to people with moderate-to-severe psoriasis. Research shows these medicines are effective at treating the symptoms of psoriasis.

Prescription oral medicines

Doctors or dermatologists may prescribe oral medicines for psoriasis, such as apremilast, which can help reduce scales and redness, oral retinoids, which can reduce swelling and redness and stop the overproduction of skin cells, or methotrexate, which can suppress the overactive immune system.

Phototherapy

This therapy involves exposing parts of the skin to a certain type of UV light, which may help with:

• suppressing an overactive immune system
• reducing or stopping itching
• reducing inflammation
• slowing the growth of skin cells

Diet

A person can limit consumption of foods with a high glycaemic index, such as carbohydrates. They can also eat more anti-inflammatory foods, including:

• nuts and seeds
• fruits and vegetables
• beans
• oily fish
• fibre

About psoriasis

Psoriasis occurs due to issues in the immune system, which causes inflammation in the skin. It is a chronic autoimmune condition, meaning that once a person has psoriasis, they may have the condition for life.

An overactive immune system speeds up the growth of skin cells — while these cells normally grow and shed over the course of a month, new skin cells grow in 3–4 days. The skin cells do not shed but pile up and lead to the formation of scales and plaques, which may be painful or itchy. Psoriasis can develop anywhere on the skin, but it most commonly occurs on the knees, scalp, and elbows.

The condition presents as dark brown, grey, or violet patches with silvery scales on the skin of people of colour. In contrast, it develops as red patches with silvery scales on white skin.

Conditions that have links with psoriasis

People with psoriasis are more likely to have certain other disorders. These include:

• celiac disease
• inflammatory bowel disease such as Crohn’s disease
• psoriatic arthritis
• pustulosis
• uveitis, an inflammation of the eye
• metabolic syndrome

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/over-the-counter-medicine-for-psoriasis

What To Know About The Link Between Psoriasis And Type 2 Diabetes

From southfloridareporter.com

Written by Jon Johnson – Medically reviewed by Susan Bard, MD

Research into psoriasis and diabetes and the connection between them is still ongoing. However, scientists currently believe that inflammation from psoriasis may cause insulin resistance, which can lead to type 2 diabetes.

It is important to treat both conditions and try to prevent potential complications. Making certain lifestyle changes can also sometimes be effective in reducing the risk of comorbidities or minimizing the symptoms of both conditions.

In this article, we discuss the connection between psoriasis and type 2 diabetes, the prevalence of comorbidities, and the treatment options.

Definitions

Psoriasis is a skin condition in which the immune system mistakenly overreacts and attacks healthy tissue, causing skin cells to build up too quickly for the body to shed them. As a result, inflamed raised areas of skin with white or silvery flakes called plaques may appear anywhere on the skin. Psoriasis may also affect other areas of the body, such as the nails and scalp. In some cases, inflammation affects the joints, resulting in psoriatic arthritis.

The medical community defines psoriasis as an autoimmune condition in which the immune system starts working too much in response to certain triggers. Factors that can increase the risk of psoriasis include infections, medications, smoking, and obesity.

Diabetes is a condition that impairs the body’s ability to process blood sugar. There are two main types of diabetes: type 1 and type 2.

In type 1 diabetes, which is also known as juvenile diabetes, the body is unable to produce the hormone insulin because the immune system attacks the cells that carry out this function. In type 2 diabetes, the body either does not produce enough insulin or becomes resistant to it. This is the most common type of diabetes, and it has strong links with obesity.

Link between the two

Evidence indicates a clear link between psoriasis and type 2 diabetes. People with psoriasis have a higher risk of developing several metabolic conditions, including type 2 diabetes.

Researchers are still studying the exact reason for the connection, but evidence suggests that a few factors may play a role.

A 2019 study highlights that psoriasis is associated with systemic inflammation. This includes inflammation in multiple organ systems, which may explain the increased risk of metabolic disorders such as diabetes. The research also indicates that there may be metabolic genetic links between the two conditions.

Another possible link is that psoriasis contributes to diabetes by increasing insulin resistance. A 2018 study on mouse and human skin indicates that skin inflammation from psoriasis can result in insulin resistance, which is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes.

A 2020 study suggests that diabetes and psoriasis also share similar mechanisms that drive disease. Together, the conditions may lead to more cell and tissue damage, creating a vicious cycle.

Both conditions are also associated with similar risk factors, such as obesity, metabolic disorders, cardiovascular disease, and renal disease. The authors of a 2017 article also suggest that psoriasis may actually be an independent risk factor for diabetes.

Prevalence of comorbidity

Diabetes and psoriasis are common comorbidities for each other, meaning that they often both affect the same person. Evidence notes that both conditions are fairly common in the United States, with more than 8 million people having psoriasis and more than 34 million people having diabetes.

Although little information is available on the prevalence of comorbid psoriasis and diabetes, research suggests that the prevalence of type 2 diabetes among people with mild or severe psoriasis is roughly 37.4% and 41%, respectively. This finding indicates that the risk of developing diabetes may increase with the severity of psoriasis.

Treatments

There is currently no cure for either psoriasis or diabetes. Instead, treatments focus on managing the condition.

For psoriasis, treatments aim to reduce symptoms by decreasing inflammation, stopping skin cells from growing as quickly, removing scales, and avoiding potential triggers of flare-ups.

For diabetes, treatments aim to keep blood glucose levels stable and at a healthy level through a combination of diet, exercise, and synthetic insulin.

In people with both conditions or other comorbidities, doctors may adjust the treatment approach to avoid complications. For example, if a particular treatment method for psoriasis will affect another health condition that the person has, doctors may recommend other treatments.

Home remedies

Home remedies, which centre around lifestyle changes, are an important part of managing both psoriasis and diabetes.

Eating a nutritious diet

Along with other health benefits, eating a well-balanced diet can help a person better control their diabetes and prevent potential complications. Likewise, eating well can help lessen the severity of psoriasis symptoms. Certain dietary choices may also help lower the likelihood of comorbidities developing and reduce inflammation in the body.

Exercising regularly

Regular exercise keeps the body healthy, and it may also play a role in helping people manage both diabetes and psoriasis. Regular exercise can reduce stress and boost the immune system, which may help with psoriasis. It may also help with diabetes by keeping blood glucose levels within target ranges.

People can also use regular exercise to help control other risk factors for these disorders. For instance, it can help a person manage their weight.

Maintaining a moderate weight

Steps such as eating a nutritious diet and engaging in regular exercise can also help a person manage their weight. As obesity is a risk factor for both conditions, maintaining a moderate weight is an important step to reduce the risk.

Reducing stress

Stress is a potential trigger for psoriasis flare-ups, and it can also make it difficult for a person to control their blood glucose levels. Therefore, finding ways to reduce stress may help manage these conditions.

The most effective stress management techniques may vary among individuals, but common approaches include:

• breathing exercises
• meditation
• mindfulness
• yoga
• tai chi
• aromatherapy

Other lifestyle adjustments

Other lifestyle adjustments that may benefit health and potentially reduce the symptoms of psoriasis and diabetes include limiting alcohol, stopping smoking, and getting adequate sleep.

When to speak with a doctor

A doctor should work with a person who has psoriasis, type 2 diabetes, or both conditions to help them manage and control the symptoms. A person may also benefit from seeing a dermatologist for skin issues or an endocrinologist for a diabetes treatment plan.

Working with primary care doctors and specialists to help control and manage these conditions may increase a person’s quality of life.

Anyone who notices any troubling symptoms or potential complications should consult a doctor.

Summary

Psoriasis and diabetes are common comorbidities for each other, meaning that people with psoriasis are much more likely than other people to develop type 2 diabetes. Both conditions have similar risk factors and involve the immune system and inflammation.

Correctly managing both conditions is important to promote good health and reduce the risk factors for other comorbidities. Through treatments and lifestyle changes, people may be able to control both conditions and prevent potential complications.

https://southfloridareporter.com/what-to-know-about-the-link-between-psoriasis-and-diabetes/